Deliver secure telehealth services while protecting patient privacy. This guide explores HIPAA regulations for telehealth, potential security risks, and best practices for compliance.
Telehealth services have grown in popularity in recent years; originally as a result of the pandemic which necessitated remote consultations, and subsequently, for convenience for patients and professionals alike.
In fact, according to recent reports, 74% of millennials prefer using teleconsultations to in-person visits, citing time saved by joining remotely as one of the main reasons.
But how can healthcare organisations using telehealth services ensure they remain compliant with HIPAA, and other industry regulations like GDPR?
In this article, we outline why telehealth is trending, how it’s being used to treat patients, and how organisations can choose a HIPAA compliant platform to work with.
Telehealth refers to remote healthcare services, using devices such as laptops or mobile phones to meet with professionals, rather than in-person consultations.
It encompasses a broad range of activities, including virtual doctor visits, remote patient monitoring, and teleconsultations between healthcare providers, allowing patients to receive medical care without needing to visit a healthcare facility in person. This makes it an essential tool for improving access to healthcare, especially in more rural areas.
Telehealth has become increasingly popular, particularly since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the need for safe alternatives to in-person visits. Healthcare providers quickly pivoted to ensure they could still offer sufficient services to patients, leading to rapid innovation and improvements in telehealth technologies.
Even as the pandemic has subsided, the benefits of telehealth, such as reducing the need for travel, saving time for patients, and potentially lowering healthcare costs, have ensured its continued popularity.
Telehealth is being used in various ways to treat patients across a range of medical needs:
Patients can consult with healthcare providers through video conferencing or phone calls, where they can receive diagnoses, treatment plans, and follow-up care without needing to visit a clinic. This is particularly useful for minor illnesses, follow-ups, or chronic disease management.
Telehealth has significantly expanded access to mental health care, allowing patients to receive therapy, counselling, and psychiatric care remotely, benefitting those in areas with limited mental health resources or those who prefer the privacy of home-based care.
Patients with chronic conditions like diabetes, hypertension, or heart disease can be monitored remotely using wearable devices that track vital signs. Data from these devices are transmitted to healthcare providers, who can then adjust treatment plans as needed in real-time.
Some telehealth platforms offer emergency care consultations to help patients decide whether they need to go to an emergency room or can manage their symptoms at home, potentially reducing unnecessary visits.
Patients can receive prescriptions through telehealth consultations, and in some cases, medications can be delivered to their homes.
Physical therapy and rehabilitation exercises can be guided through telehealth, where therapists demonstrate exercises and monitor patients' progress remotely.
HIPAA sets the standards for protecting sensitive patient information, and its rules apply to telehealth just as they do to traditional healthcare settings.
During the COVID pandemic, the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) issued temporary waivers to ease some HIPAA enforcement on telehealth to encourage its use. Under this guidance, healthcare providers could use communication platforms even if they weren't fully HIPAA-compliant, without the risk of penalties. However, providers were encouraged to use HIPAA-compliant services whenever possible.
With the pandemic now over, healthcare providers are expected to use fully HIPAA-compliant telehealth solutions.
Here's what HIPAA says about using telehealth:
There are several security risks that healthcare providers need to be aware of when using telehealth apps, perhaps the most pressing being the risk of data breaches. Sensitive PHI can be an attractive target for cybercriminals, leading to patient data being accessed, and putting patients at risk of identity theft, or the unauthorised sale of their medical information.
Firstly, providers must ensure the communication channels they use for video calls or messaging are sufficiently secured with encryption methods to ensure sensitive information isn’t intercepted during consultations. Confidential patient data must also be stored securely while at rest, to ensure the data isn’t exposed during a breach.
Secondly, employee education must be a priority as staff or contractors who can access telehealth apps will be able to view and amend highly sensitive PHI, potentially leading to accidental or deliberate leaks. Insider threats are particularly concerning in environments where access controls and monitoring are lax, allowing individuals to access or share data without detection.
Finally, if telehealth apps do not adhere to regulations like HIPAA in the US, or GDPR in the UK and Europe, they may fail to adequately protect patient data, leading to legal penalties and an increased risk of data breaches.
It’s vital that telehealth apps are implemented within the business while remaining mindful of compliance regulations. If compliance requirements are overlooked, it can be extremely detrimental for businesses who may face hefty fines, reputational damage, and business losses.
Carolina Goncalves, Superintendent Pharmacist at Pharmica, says,
“The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the UK Data Protection Act 2018 are designed to protect patient data. To remain compliant, organisations must obtain consent from patients before processing personal health information and ensure that data is stored and transferred securely. This includes implementing measures such as data encryption and access controls. Regular audits of digital systems and maintaining comprehensive audit trails of online consultations and interactions are crucial for ensuring transparency and accountability.”
Here are some more ways healthcare providers can ensure the telehealth apps they use are compliant with industry standards:
There are a few HIPAA-compliant telehealth platforms out there, designed to ensure secure communication and data protection for healthcare organisations, including:
Most people are familiar with Zoom, and their option for the healthcare industry lives up to their stellar reputation. Offering secure, encrypted video conferencing, it includes features like virtual waiting rooms, session recording with patient consent, and integration with Electronic Health Records (EHR).
Doxy.me is a simple, browser-based telehealth platform that requires no downloads. It offers end-to-end encryption, secure video calls, and is free for basic use, with premium features available.
Like Zoom for Healthcare, VSee also integrates with EHR systems and offers customisable solutions for different healthcare needs. It provides secure video conferencing, file sharing, and messaging services.
Cisco Webex provides secure video conferencing with features like end-to-end encryption, virtual waiting rooms, and integration with healthcare systems.
When choosing a platform, healthcare organisations should consider which platform will be the best fit for them, based on integration with existing systems, ease of use, and the level of technical support offered, as well as ensuring the telehealth company will complete a BAA.
Metomic can enhance data security and compliance in healthcare organisations. Here's how:
To find out more, book a free risk assessment with one of our data security experts or get in touch with any questions you may have.